Oil pump



Dec. 25, 1928. 1,696,734

E. M. scovlLLE OIL PUMP Filed Sept.22. 1922 SSheets-Sheet l 7 PIET- 1 57 l 56 o /7 /85 25 59 j 3 2l f6 Ill! /f 6 3 I' lll 24 5 4f I i :im: II /5 I Il" ."I I11| E' NM1 L H|- f/ 37 vgy 26.//4

INNEN-rm@- ATTEIRNEY Dec. 25, 1928.

1,696,734 E. M. scovlLLE OIL PUMP Filed sept. 22. 1922 s sheetsfheet 2 I 46 I 7 l 36 57 y 56 /l l /9 l 43 8 2 -Y l 3 Olfh 3 HI I l: 22 Il" I II 1 1| l I" Il -40 65 2 22 H l 3 n :n 9 763 6*/ J l. I-

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AT-VERNEY Dec. 25, 192s. A 1,696,734

E. M. SCOVILLE OIL PUMP Filed Sept. 22. 1927?.v 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Inn/ENTER EYMW AT TURN P Y ETA;

Patented ,Diec. 25, 1928.`

NifrED STA .EUGENE M. scovILLE, or MILWAUKEE,

y u, 1,696,734 PATENT oFFrcE.

WISCONSIN, .ASSIGNOR 0F ONE-HALF lO FLOYD L. SWANBERG, 0F DANVILLE, ILLINOIS.

oIL' PUMP.

Application led September 22, 1922. (Serial No. 589,748.

This invention relates in general to improvements in the' art of lubrication, and relates more specifically to improvements in the construction and operation of oil pumps and similar apparatus.

An object of the invention isto provide an improved oil pump which is relatively simple and compact in construction, and highly efficient in operation.

Some of the more specific objects and advantages of the presentinvention, are as follows To provide a relatively simple, durable and inexpensive oil pump which is effectively operable throughout a wide range of variation in capacity. v

To provide an oil pump structure the ele-` ments of which are conveniently accessible for inspection, and various parts of which are readily adjustable to meet different conditions of operation. l

To provide pump mechanism which may be readily manufactured, assembled andgdismantled. l

To generally simplify the construction of oil pumps with a view to reducing to a mini mum the cost of manufacture and lmaintenance of such devices.

To provide mechanism which is capable of eiiiciently handling various fluent sub-- stances, including lubricants which priorroil pumps have been unable to operate upon with commercial success.

To provide improved simple and yefficient driving mechanism for oil pumps and the like. K

To provide lubricating apparatus which may be operated either manually or automatically, and either; intermittently or continuously. l

To provide an extremely compact pump unit which may be readily assembled in nests of two vor more units operable by means of a common drive mechanism and adapted to receive fluid from a common supply reservoir.

To provide for rapid removal and replacement of any one or more vpump units comprising a group, without interfering with. the normal operation of other units of the grou Topprovide improvements inthe construction, disposition and operationof oil pump valve mechanism. p

To eliminate undesirable leakage and waste of oil in lubricating pumps and other apparatus.

,To pro'vide other improvements in the constructionl and operation of oil pumps which will reduceto a minimum the cost of construction and which will enhance to a maximum the efficiency of operation.

Some of the novel features of oil pump construction disclosed but not specifically claimed herein, form the subject of cepending application Serial Number 567,064, led l J une 9, 1922.

A clear concept-ion of an embodiment of the various features of the present invention, and of the operation of devices constructed in accordance therewith, may bev had by referring to .the drawings accomf' panying and forming part of this specification, 1n which like reference characters designate the same or similar parts in the several views.

Fig. 1y isl a. vertical section through an im- Y proved oil pump unit and the oil supply reservoir thereof, showing also a fragment of the ypump drivingl mechanism.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section throughv the oil supply reservoir and -the pump actuating mechanism, showing the mannerV of mounting several similar oil pumps relatively to the supply reservoir and actuating mechanism, the sections through the several pumps being taken in different vertical planes.

Fig.- 3 is a top view of a group of oil pump units and of the supply reservoir and actuating mechanism therefor, part of the pump structurey vhaving been broken awayv and other pump elements having been removed in order to more clearly illustrate various details of construction.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary vertical section through the high pressure portion of one of the pump units.

' Fig.4 5 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view offa portion of the pump actuating mechanism.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary top view lof a portion of the pump-actuating mechanism.

Fig. 7 is a top view )of the plungers and" of the plunger connection of one of the pump units. v

The lubricant force feed apparatus illus trated in the'drawings comprises generally a stationary 'casing 2 and a removable cover 22 cooperating therewith to provide an enclosed oil supply reservoir of suitable capacity; pump actuating or driving mechanism located adjacent to the lower portion of the casing 2; a plurality of similar but independent compound pumping units supported by the cover 22 and casing 2 and operatively associated with the common driving mechanism 'at the lower portion of the casing 2'; and a plurality of independent oil discharge pipes 6 rigidly attached to the casing 2 and capable of receiving oil from the pump units and of delivering the oil under pressure to sources of utilization.

The lower portion of the stationary cas ing 2 is provided with a heater 13 wherein suitable heating agency may be utilized in order to maintain the oil 31 within the supply reservoir in proper {iuent condition. One corner of the casing 2 may also be provided with an oil gage 55 for ,indicating the quantity of oil within the supply reservoir. The oil 31 which may completely or only partially fill the supply reservoir, may be drained from the casing 2 by removal of the plug 70. Oil is supplied to the interior of the casing 2 in any convenient manner through a filter 60 mounted upon the casing cover 22. The casing coverJ 22 is preferably formed of sheet metal of suitable thickness,r

being clamped to the casing 2 and serving as a means of 'direct support for the pump units and for the filter 60. The sheet metal cover 22 is formed with a continuous upwardly projecting ridge 23 surrounding each of the pump openings, and also has a similar ridge 69 surrounding the filter .60,

these ridges 23, 69A serving to prevent entry nism is common to all of the pump units andV is ordinarily completely immersed within the oil 31 in the supply reservoir. The driving mechanism comprises a rotary horizontal drive shaft 8 one endof which is mounted in a .bearing 53 detachably associated with one side wall of the casing 2, and the opposite end portion of which projects outwardly beyond the opposite side wall of the casing. The outwardly projecting end of the rotary shaft 8 is provided With'a hand crank 68 whereby rotary motion may be iml parted to the drive shaft for priming or similar purposes. The portion of the drive shaft 8 adjacent to the crank 68 is embraced by a relatively rotatable sleeve 63 which penetrates the side wall of the casing/2 and is snugly embraced by a stuffing box 67 and packing 66 which provide a bearing and prevent escape of oil along the outer surface of the -sleeve 63. Leakage of oil through the interior of the sleeve 63 is likewise pre` vented by a stuffing box and packing coacting with the sleeve 63 and shaft '8 adjacent to the crank 68. The outer end of the sleeve 63 is provided with a rock arm 65, or a pulley, gearing, or other means adapted to impart either intermittent, oscillatory or continuous rotary motion to the sleeve 63. The inner end of the sleeve 63 is provided with a pawl carrier bracket 62 having a pawl 61 pivotally associated therewith, the pawl 4being engaged by a' leaf spring 58. The pawl 61 normally engages the side teethA of a ratchet wheel 12 which is rigidly attached to the shaft 8 in `any suitable manner, andv which also has teeth around its periphery. A leaf spring 28 attached to the casing 2 "by, means of a screw 42, has a free end which normally engages and is adapted to ride over the peripheral teeth of the ratchet wheel 12. With this arrangement of dri-ve shaft 8, sleeve 63, carrier 62, pawl 61, ratchet wheel 12 and leaf springs 28, 58, it will be obvious that either continuous or intermittent rotary motion may be transmitted from the sleeve 63 to the drive shaft 8 in one direction, and that the spring 28 will effectively prevent reverse rotation of the shaft 8. The portion of the shaft 8 betweenthesleeve 63 and bearing 53 is of hexagonal formation and carries a pair of laterally spacedfpump actuating eccentrics 10 having hexagonal openings closely fitting the hexagonal drive shaft portion. The eccentrics 10 are held in properly spaced relation by means of a ring spacer 64 surrounding the shafty 8. The eccentrics 10 are preferably spaced equidistant about the axis of the shaft 8, in order to uniformly distribute the driving forces.' The eccentrics P10, sleeve 64 and ratchet fno wheel 12 are freely endwise removable from y lthe hexagonal'portion of the shaft 8, and

the sleeve 63 is likewise removable from the cylindrical portion of the shaft 8 when the crank 68 is removed. Thekshaft 8 and sleeve 63 may also be withdrawn endwise from within the casing 2 through the stuffing bok 67 and packing 66. t 4

Each of the independent pump units comprises a pair of similar parallel plungers 5, 11 of equal diameter associated with a com,- mon actuating head 27 which rests upon..` an adjacent actuating eccentric 10. The low pressure plunger 5 has a lost motion lconnection with the head 27, While the high pressure plunger 11 is `rigidly attached to the head, the transverse pin 37 or a nutserving to permit limited movement o-f -thc low pressure plunger 5 relatively to the head 27. reciprocable within parallel vertical bores of the pump frame 3 which is detachably secured to the cover 22 and casing'2 by means of a removable discharge 'valvecasing 2Ol and a removable-set screw 21. The plungers 5, 11 are urged downwardly toward the actuating eccentric 10 by means of a single helical -compression spring. 39 surrounding The plungers 5, 11 are simultaneously ff thc high pressur'e plunger and cylinder, the lower end of the spring 39 coacting with the medial portion of the head 27 and the upper end reacting against the Jframe 3. -The end 32 of the actuating head 27 remote from the plunger 5, is recessed to receivea pump stroke adjuster comprising'a rod 9 adjustably supported by the frame 3 and having a lower end formed as an abutment 26 engageable with a lower surface of the end 32 to limit the downward movement of both of the plungers 5, 11. The upper end of the rod 9 is threaded and extends through a hole in the frame 3. An adjusting nut 25 coacts' the frame 3.

The low pressure plunger 5 of each pump unit, is adapted to Withdraw oil 31 from the supply reservoir through a vertical` suction pipe 4 secured to the frame 3 and'through a conduit '40 formed Within the frame 3. The lower end of the suction pipe 4 carries an inlet valve casing 71 located near the bottom of the casing 2 and havingan inlet opening protected by a strainer 30. A pair of ball inlet Valves 14, 29 are arranged inv `without lnterfering with the pipes 6.

series within the inlet valve casing 71. The. low pressure plunger 5 of each'pump unit is adapted to deliver oil 31 past a ball discharge Valve 19 through a discharge conduit 38 formed in an overflow pipe 47 detachably secured to the frame 3, to `a sight low indicator.

rlhe sight flow indicator for the low pressure pump discharge, comprises a downwardly directed tube 51 connecting the pipe 47 with a nozzle 46, a. bracket 57 secured to the frame 3 below the nozzle 46 and provided with an annular upper recess 56 coaxial with the nozzle, anda transparent tube 7 fitted within the recess 56 and extending upwardly above the nozzle A46. A cap'49 having a relatively large vent opening 50- surrounding the nozzle46, engages the upper end of the tube 7 and is urged thereagainst by means ot' a coillspring 48. The opening 50 establishes atmos heric pressure in the conduits communicating with the low pressure pump discharge valve' 19. The spring 48 is readily compressible to permit com` plete vertical withdrawal of the lower end of the tube 7 from the recess 56, and subsequent lateral removal ofthe tube 7.

The high pressure plunger 11 of veachy pump unit is adapted to receive oil 31 from the sight flow indicator pasta spring pressed spherical seated poppet valve 18 having a seat in the bracket 57. r'lhe plunger 11 delivers oil past an initial ball discharge 'Y valve 17 into a conduit 43 which communi- Cates with a passage 59 formed in the intermediate discharge valve casing 20. The

initial high pressure discharge valve 17 is spring pressed and is removable from the exterior othe casing 2 by virtue of the removable screw plug 36. vvThe removable intermediate discharge valve casing 2() is preferably provided with several passages 59 in order to Ainsure proper communication with the passage 43. The' intermediate discharge valve 16 is of the spring pressed ball type and controls the delivery of oil through the casing 2O to 'the final discharge valve Y y15. The final discharge valve 15 is mounted in a removable valve cage 35 detachably secured to an integral portion 33 of the casing 2, the valve 15 controlling delivery of oil to the final discharge and distributing pipev 6. The discharge valves 15, V16 are readily removable and insertible'with the aid of an ordinary wrench andscrew driver.

Each of the nal discharge pipes 6 is rigidly attached yto a portionf33 ofthe stationary casing' 2- by means of an elbow 34 and a union 41. The pipes 6 communicate with any desired s ourceof oil utilization.

By attaching the pipes 6 directlyto integralv portions of the stationary casing 2 rather than to the pump frames 3 or the cover 22, the'xpumps and the various 'elements associated therewith, may be readily removed `During normal operation of the device, the supply reservoir is provided with an abundant supply of oil 31 and the elements are assembled as indicated. The main shaft 8 is then rotated, either continuously with the aid of gearing not shown, or by means of the intermittently oscillatory arm 65.

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`As the low pressure plunger 5 moves downy ivard'ly under the influence of .the single actuating spring 39, oil is drawn'from the supply reservoir past the inlet valves 29, 14 through the suction pipe 4 and conduit 40 into the'low pressure cylinder. As the high pressure plunger 11 'moves downwardlyv simultaneously with the plunger 5 and under the influence of the same spring 39, oil at 4 atmospheric pressure is drawn vfrom the sight flow indicator pastthe'high pressuri'.l

inlet valve 18 into the high pressure pump cylinder. The downward travel ot the plungers 5, 11 is limited by the -abutment 26 of the stroke adjusting rod 9, movement ot the pump plungersbeing arrested when the plungerhead 27 engages-the abutment 26.

Asthe driving eccentric continuesto revolve after downward travel of the plungers 5, l1 has been arrested, it eventually reengages 'the stopped vhea-dv 27 and simultaneously raises the plungers 5, 11 away fro/m lthe abutment 26 compressing the single spring vertical removal.

39. As the low pressure plunger 5 moves upwardly, oil is forced past the low pressure discharge valve 19 through the passage 38, tube 51 and nozzle 46 into the sight flow indicator preparatory to being withdrawn by the next suction stroke of the high pressure plunger 11. As the high pressure plunger 11 moves upwardly, oil is forced past Vthe initial discharge valve 17 through the passages 43, 59 and past the intermediate and final discharge valves 16, respectively, into the final discharge pipe G. Continued rotation of the drive shaft S causes the pump plungers 5, 11 to automatically and intermittently withdraw batches or' oil 31 from the supply reservoir and to deliver the oil to the inal discharge pipe (S. The operation of each pump unit is the same, except that one unit of the group may be engaged in a suction' stroke while another unit is engaged in a discharge stroke, depending upon the angular setting of the eccentrics 10 relatively fo the driveshaft 3.

The capacity of any pump unit maybe readily varied by manipulating the adjusting nut to change the eiiective pumping stroke. The lost motion connection afforded by the pin 37 at the end `of the low pressure plunger 5 is especially desirable when operating with short stroke for light feeds. This lost motion connection permits relative movement of the plungers 5, 11 and prevents the low pressure plunger 5 from delivering an over supply of oil to the sight flow indicator, such over supply being undesirable due to accumulation of excess oil in the gage glass 7. The sight ow tube 7 may be conveniently removed and replaced without interfering with the operation of the pumps. The individual pump units may be quickly detached by merely removing the valve casing 2 0 and the retaining screw 21, which releases the unit for free The valves 15,16, 17, 18, 19 areall readily removable and insertible from .the exterior of the casing 2 and cover 22, and all of these valves except the valves 15 may be removed without interfering with the pressure 'in the discharge pipes 6. By forming the plungers 5, 11 of equal diameter,

, the pump cylinders may be bored of equal diaineters'and the plungers may all be cut from the same diametered round stock. Such construction reduces to a minimum the cost of manufacture. The use of a single spring 39 for urging both plungers in the same direction is possible because the low pressure plunger 5 is operating against'atmospheric pressure. The various oil passages may be readily formed by drilling thereby minimizing the entire cost of construction.

It should be understood that it is not dei sired to limit the invention-to the exact details of construction and of operation herein shown and described, for various modifications within thescope of the claims may occur to persons skilled in the art.

It is claimed and desired to secure by Letters Patent 1. In combination, high and low pressure pump plungers, a cross-head having its medial portion rigidly attached to said high pressure plunger and having one end portion operatively connected to said low pressure plunger through a lost motion connection, an adjustable stop cooperating with the opposite end portion of said cross-head for limiting the movement of said plungers in one direction, resilient means coacting with one side ofthe medial portion of said cross-head for moving the same toward said stop, and means cooperating with the opposite side of the medial portion of said crosshead for moving the same in the oppositeplunger, an adjustable stop cooperating with,

an opposite end portion of said cross-head forv limiting the movement of said plungers in one direction, a single spring surrounding said high pressure plunger and coacting with the medial portion of said cross-head for moving the same toward said stop, and an eccentric cooperating with the medial portion of said cross-head for moving the same away from said stop.

3. In combination, high and low pressure pump plungers having equal diameter, a cross-head having its medial portion rigidly attached to the lower end of said high pressure plunger and having one end portion operatively connected to the corresponding end of said low pressure plunger through a lost motion connection, an adjustable stop cooperating with the opposite end portion of said cross-head for limiting the movement of said plungers in one direction, a single spring surrounding said high pressure plunger and coacting with one side of the medial portion of said cross-head to urge said cross-head toward said stop, and a rotary eccentricvcooperating with the opposite side of the medial portion of said cross-head to produce motion of translation thereof away from said stop.

In testimony whereof, the signature of the inventor is aixed hereto. r

EUGENE M. SCOVILLE. 

